Questions answered · Falls and fireballs

Can meteorites fall during a meteor shower?

The short answer

Meteor showers do not drop meteorites. Their particles are tiny, fragile comet dust travelling too fast to survive. Any meteorite during a shower is coincidence.

Meteor showers produce many meteors, but none has ever been confirmed to drop a meteorite.

Comet dust is small. Most shower meteoroids are grains between about a millimetre and a centimetre across, weighing a fraction of a gram. They burn up completely high in the atmosphere.

Comet dust is fragile. Comet material is fluffy and weak, held together loosely. It breaks apart easily under the pressure of atmospheric entry.

Shower meteoroids are fast. Many showers have high entry speeds, such as about 59 kilometres per second for the Perseids and 71 for the Leonids. At such speeds, survival is extremely unlikely.

Exceptions? The Geminids are slower, at about 35 kilometres per second, and their particles are denser, coming from the asteroid Phaethon. Even so, no Geminid meteorite has been recovered. Some researchers have suggested that large Taurid fireballs might occasionally drop material, but none has been confirmed.

Coincidences. Meteorites can fall at any time, including during shower nights. A meteorite falling during a shower would almost certainly come from an asteroid, unrelated to the shower. Scientists determine this by calculating its orbit from camera data, which would differ from the shower's.

Watching showers. So when watching a meteor shower, enjoy the show without worrying about rocks landing near you. If you do see a very bright, slow fireball, especially one that ends low in the sky with a sonic boom, it may be something different, and is worth reporting.

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