How can I teach magnetism using meteorites at primary level?
Pupils test a collection of rocks with magnets, discover that most meteorites are attracted because they contain iron, and learn that some Earth rocks are magnetic too.
Magnets are an engaging topic in the primary science curriculum, and meteorites offer a real-world twist.
Starter. Ask pupils which materials they think are magnetic. Many will say 'all metals'. Test a range of metal objects: steel paper clips, aluminium foil, copper coins and brass. Pupils discover that only some metals, mainly iron, steel, nickel and cobalt, are attracted.
Rock test. Provide a tray of rocks and, if available, a real meteorite or replica. Pupils tie a strong magnet to a piece of string, dangle it near each sample and record whether it is pulled towards the sample. Most meteorites attract the magnet because they contain iron-nickel metal. Some Earth rocks, such as magnetite and some basalts, also attract it.
Explain. Meteorites formed in space where there was little oxygen, so their iron stayed as metal. On Earth, iron usually combines with oxygen in minerals, which are often not strongly magnetic.
Discuss. Is every magnetic rock a meteorite? No. Is every meteorite magnetic? Not all; some contain very little metal. So magnets are a clue, not proof.
Practical tip. Do not let pupils stick strong magnets directly onto real meteorites repeatedly, because scientists study the magnetism recorded in meteorites, and strong magnets can change it. A magnet on a string lightly tested is fine for class specimens.
Extension. Pupils make a magnet cane, a stick with a magnet on the end, like meteorite hunters use, and test it outdoors on gravel.
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